Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation by laypersons - auxiliary techniques and tools
an integrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22421/1517-7130/es.2023v24.e964Keywords:
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Basic Life Support, Out-of-Hospital Cardiac ArrestAbstract
Cardiovascular diseases and the risk of cardiac arrest contribute to a significant number of deaths. Laypeople are often the first to respond to cardiac arrest victims. This study conducts an integrative review to identify techniques and tools available for layperson cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Data were collected from PubMed, SciELO, and LILACS databases, yielding 128 articles, of which 35 were included. The analysis identifies techniques and tools that enhance patient survival. Telemonitoring and automated external defibrillators (AED) also play crucial roles. Techniques and tools exist to aid the general public in learning and performing CPR, but further research is needed to promote their dissemination, gain acceptance within the scientific community, and ensure widespread adoption among the population.
References
Aehlert B. ACLS, suporte avançado de vida em cardiologia: emergência em cardiologia [Internet]. pesquisa.bvsalud.org. 2013 [citado 11 agosto 2023]; 1: 401. Disponível em: <https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/biblio-870491>.
Bernoche C, Timerman S, Polastri TF, et al. Atualização da Diretriz de Ressuscitação Cardiopulmonar e Cuidados Cardiovasculares de Emergência da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia – 2019. Arq. Bras. Cardiol, p. 449-663, 2019. Disponível em: < http://publicacoes.cardiol.br/portal/abc/portugues/2019/v11303/pdf/11303025.pdf>.
Bielski K, Böttiger BW, Pruc M, Gąsecka A, Siemiński M, Jaguszewski MJ et al. Outcomes of audio-instructed and video-instructed dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Annals of Medicine [Internet]. 2022 [citado 11 de agosto 2023]; 54(1):464–71. Disponível em: <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8812740/>.
Birkenes TS, Myklebust H, Kramer-Johansen J. New pre-arrival instructions can avoid abdominal hand placement for chest compressions. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. 2013 [citado 10 agosto 2023]; 21(47):1-6. Disponível em: <https://sjtrem.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1757-7241-21-47>.
Birkenes TS, Myklebust H, Neset A, Kramer-Johansen J. Quality of CPR performed by trained bystanders with optimized pre-arrival instructions. Resuscitation. 2014 [citado 22 de agosto 2023]; 85(1):124–30. Disponível em: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24096105/>.
Böttiger BW, Semeraro F, Wingen S. “Kids Save Lives”: Educating Schoolchildren in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Is a Civic Duty That Needs Support for Implementation. Journal of the American Heart Association. 2017 [citado 10 agosto 2023]; 15;6(3). Disponível em: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28292747/>.
Böttiger BW, Semeraro F, Wingen S. “Kids Save Lives”: Educating Schoolchildren in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Is a Civic Duty That Needs Support for Implementation. Journal of the American Heart Association. 2017 [citado 12 de agosto 2023]; 6(3): e005738. Disponível em: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28292747/>.
Böttiger BW, Van Aken H. Kids save lives –. Resuscitation. 2015 [citado 12 de agosto 2023]: 94:A5–7. Disponível em: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26209417/>.
Bradley SM, Rea TD. Improving bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Current Opinion in Critical Care. 2011 [citado 10 agosto 2023];17(3):219–24. Disponível em: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21499092/>.
Chen KY, Ko YC, Hsieh MJ, Chiang WC, Ma MHM. Interventions to improve the quality of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A systematic review. Lin S, editor. PLOS ONE. 2019 [citado 15 agosto 2023]; 13;14(2):e0211792. Disponível em: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30759140/>.
Coutinho KMD, Morais AHF, Freitas ES. A telerregulação na ampliação do acesso aos serviços de saúde do município de natal. Revista Brasileira de Inovação Tecnológica em Saúde - ISSN:2236-1103. 2019 [citado 14 agosto 2023]; 9(1):17-25. Disponível em:< https://periodicos.ufrn.br/reb/article/view/18096>.
Eaton G, Renshaw J, Gregory P, Kilner T. Can the British Heart Foundation PocketCPR application improve the performance of chest compressions during bystander resuscitation: A randomised crossover manikin study. Health Informatics Journal. 2016 [citado 10 agosto 2023]; 24(1):14–23. Disponível em: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27402135/>.
Ewy GA, Kern KB. Recent Advances in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: cardiocerebral resuscitation. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2009 [citado 10 agosto 2023]; 53(2):149–57. Disponível em: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19130982/>.
Ferreira M de N dos A, Barbosa LA, Dergan MRA, Lima PAV, Pereira L de J, Tavares NKC, et al. Uso do Desfibriladores externos automáticos (DEA) por pessoas leigas no atendimento Pré-hospitalar: Uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura. Research, Society and Development. 2021 [citado 12 de agosto 2023]; 10(7):1-16. Disponível em: < https://www.researchgate.net/publication/352773450_Uso_do_Desfibriladores_externos_automaticos_DEA_por_pessoas_leigas_no_atendimento_Pre-hospitalar_Uma_Revisao_Integrativa_da_Literatura>.
Hollenberg J, Svensson L, Rosenqvist M. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: 10 years of progress in research and treatment. Journal of Internal Medicine. 2013 [citado 13 agosto 2023]; 1;273(6):572–83. Disponível em: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23480824/>.
Hwang BN, Lee EH, Park HA, Park JO, Lee CA. Effects of positive dispatcher encouragement on the maintenance of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality. Medicine. 2020 [citado 10 agosto 2023]; 16;99(42):e22728. Disponível em: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33080730/>.
Iwami T, Kitamura T, Kawamura T, et al. Chest-Compression-Only Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in the 30:2 Compression-to-Ventilation Ratio Era. Circulation Journal. 2013 [citado 14 de outubro 2022]; 77(11):2742–50. Disponível em: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23924887/>.
Japanese Circulation Society Resuscitation Science Study Group. Chest-Compression-Only Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in the 30:2 Compression-to-Ventilation Ratio Era. Circulation Journal. 2013 [citado 20 agosto 2023]; 77(11):2742–50. Disponível em: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23924887/>.
Ko RRJM, Lim SH, Wu VX, Leong TY, Liaw SY. Easy-to-learn cardiopulmonary resuscitation training programme: a randomised controlled trial on laypeople’s resuscitation performance. Singapore Medical Journal. 2018 [citado 10 agosto 2023]; 59(4):217–23. Disponível em: <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5915639/>.
Krikscionaitiene A, Dambrauskas Z, Barron T, Vaitkaitiene E, Vaitkaitis D. Are two or four hands needed for elderly female bystanders to achieve the required chest compression depth during dispatcher-assisted CPR: a randomized controlled trial. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. 2016 [citado 20 agosto 2023]; 24(47):1-8. Disponível em: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27067836/>.
Kurz MC, Bobrow BJ, Buckingham J, Cabanas JG, Eisenberg M, Fromm P et al. Telecommunicator Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Policy Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2020 [citado 15 agosto 2023]; 141(12):e686-e700. Disponível em:< https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32088981/>.
Leong BSH. Bystander CPR and survival. Singapore Medical Journal [Internet]. 2011 [citado 10 agosto 2023]; 1;52(8):573–5. Disponível em: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21879214/>.
Li H, Shen X, Xu X, Wang Y, Chu L, Zhao J et al. Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation training in primary and secondary school children in China and the impact of neighborhood socioeconomic status: A prospective controlled trial. Medicine [Internet]. 2018 [citado 10 agosto 2023]; 1;97(40):e12673. Disponível em: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30290654/>.
Matsuyama T, Scapigliati A, Pellis T, Greif R, Iwami T. Willingness to perform bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A scoping review. Resuscitation Plus. 2020 [citado 10 agosto 2023];4:100043. Disponível em: <https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666520420300436>.
Mendes KDS, Silveira RCCP, Galvão CM. Uso de gerenciador de referências bibliográficas na seleção dos estudos primários em revisão integrativa. Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem [Internet]. 2019 [citado 05 agosto 2023]; 28:e20170204. Disponível em: <https://www.scielo.br/j/tce/a/HZD4WwnbqL8t7YZpdWSjypj/?lang=pt>.
Metelmann C, Metelmann B, Schuffert L, Hahnenkamp K, Vollmer M, Brinkrolf P. Smartphone apps to support laypersons in bystander CPR are of ambivalent benefit: a controlled trial using medical simulation. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine [Internet]. 2021 [citado 11 de agosto 2023]; 29(1):76. Disponível em: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34082804/>.
Miyadahira AMK, Quilici AP, Martins CC, Araújo GL, Pelliciotti JSS. Ressuscitação cardiopulmonar com a utilização do desfibrilador externo semi-automático: avaliação do processo ensino-aprendizagem. Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP. 2008 [citado 15 agosto 2023]; 42(3):532–8. Disponível em: < https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/lil-493369>.
Monteiro M de LRBP, Ferraz AIB, Rodrigues FMP. Avaliação de conhecimentos e da autoeficácia antes e após ensino de suporte básico de vida a crianças. Revista Paulista de Pediatria. 2020 [citado 23 de agosto 2023]; 39:e2019143. Disponível em: <https://www.scielo.br/j/rpp/a/MTfPcMmhLKCXB8BKPdDVTrq/?lang=pt>.
Mortensen R, Høyer CB, Pedersen MK, Brindley PG, Nielsen JC. Comparison of the quality of chest compressions on a dressed versus an undressed manikin: A controlled, randomised, cross-over simulation study. 2010 [citado 10 agosto 2023]; 1;18(1):16–6. Disponível em: <https://www.cochranelibrary.com/central/doi/10.1002/central/CN-00750608/full>.
Nakahara S, Sakamoto T. Effective deployment of public-access automated external defibrillators to improve out-of-hospital cardiac arrest outcomes. Journal of General and Family Medicine. 2017 [citado 15 agosto 2023]; 18(5):217–24. Disponível em: <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5689421/>.
Nas J, Thannhauser J, Vart P, van Geuns RJ, Muijsers HEC, Mol JQ et al. Effect of Face-to-Face vs Virtual Reality Training on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Quality. JAMA Cardiology. 2020 [citado 15 agosto 2023]; 5(3):328-335. Disponível em: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31734702/>.
Nord A, Svensson L, Hult H, Kreitz-Sandberg S, Nilsson L. Effect of mobile application-based versus DVD-based CPR training on students’ practical CPR skills and willingness to act: a cluster randomised study. BMJ Open. 2016 [citado 13 agosto 2023]; 6(4):e010717. Disponível em: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27130166/>.
Oliveira RG, Gonzalez MM, Oliveira EN, Nishimura LS, Quilici AP, Abrão KC, et al. Compressões torácicas contínuas realizadas por leigos antes e após treinamento. Rev Soc Bras Clín Médica. 2012 [citado 23 de agosto 2023]. Disponível em: <https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/lil-621466>.
Panchal AR, Fishman J, Camp-Rogers T, Starodub R, Merchant RM. An “Intention-Focused” paradigm for improving bystander CPR performance. Resuscitation. 2015 [citado 18 de agosto 2022]; 88:48–51. Disponível em: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35874986/>.
Paula ICSF, Araujo CB, Martins GCL, Boçon Junior F, Sardi BV, Ditterich RG et al. Ação voluntária em call center covid-19: relato de experiência de acadêmicos da saúde. 2020 [citado 14 agosto 2023]; 28;4(2):61–70. Disponível em: < https://seer.ufrgs.br/index.php/saberesplurais/article/view/108891>.
Pergola AM, Araujo IEM. O leigo e o suporte básico de vida. Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP. 2009 [citado 09 agosto 2023]; 43(2):335–42. Disponível em: <https://www.scielo.br/j/reeusp/a/NZRG6PhngJFqwtnrPy4pTNQ/abstract/?lang=pt>
Rawlins L, Woollard M, Williams J, Hallam P. Effect of listening to Nellie the Elephant during CPR training on performance of chest compressions by lay people: randomised crossover trial. BMJ. 2009 [citado 22 de agosto 2023]; 339:b4707–7. Disponível em: < https://www.bmj.com/content/339/bmj.b4707#:~:text=Conclusions%20Listening%20to%20Nellie%20the,delivered%20at%20an%20inadequate%20depth.>.
Ribeiro DF, Costa JGB, Silva AM, Lirbório FF, Santos AM. Educação em saúde sobre ressuscitação cardiopulmonar: uma proposição necessária. Brazilian Journal of Health Review [Internet]. 2020 [citado 02 dezembro 2021]; 3(3):5533–44. Disponível em: <https://www.brazilianjournals.com/index.php/BJHR/article/view/10946/9168>.
Ringh M, Rosenqvist M, Hollenberg J, Jonsson M, Fredman D, Nordberg P et al. Mobile-Phone Dispatch of Laypersons for CPR in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. New England Journal of Medicine. 2015 Jun [citado 13 agosto 2023]; 11;372(24):2316–25. Disponível em: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26061836/>.
Rodriguez SA, Sutton RM, Berg MD, Nishisaki A, Maltese M, Meaney PA et al. Simplified dispatcher instructions improve bystander chest compression quality during simulated pediatric resuscitation. Resuscitation. 2014 [citado 20 agosto 2023]; 85(1):119–23. Disponível em: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24036408/>.
Rosa LFN, Caimi JM, Gonçalves LP, Xavier e Silva M. Conhecimento de estudantes da saúde sobre suporte básico de vida. Espaço para a Saúde. 2020 [citado 10 agosto 2023]; 21(2):6–15. Disponível em: <https://docs.bvsalud.org/biblioref/2022/01/1353858/691-texto-do-artigo-2238-1-10-20201223.pdf>.
Scapigliati A, Zace D, Matsuyama T, Pisapia L, Saviani M, Semeraro F, et al. Community Initiatives to Promote Basic Life Support Implementation—A Scoping Review. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021 [citado 12 de agosto 2023]; 10(24):1-17. Disponível em: <https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/24/5719/htm>.
Tanaka S, Tsukigase K, Hara T, Sagisaka R, Myklebust H, Birkenes TS, et al. Effect of real-time visual feedback device “Quality Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (QCPR) Classroom” with a metronome sound on layperson CPR training in Japan: a cluster randomized control trial. BMJ Open. 2019 [citado 23 de junho 2019]; 9(6):1-9. Disponível em: < https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/9/6/e026140.long>.
Teo MHN, Wong WEJ, Daniel PCYN, Kweh RHC, Ho RYJ, Koh JH, et al. The use of dispatcher assistance in improving the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A randomised controlled trial. Resuscitation. 2019 [citado 10 agosto 2023]; 138:153–9. Disponível em: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30876922/ >.
Thannhauser J, Nas J, Waalewijn RA, van Royen N, Bonnes JL, Brouwer MA et al. Towards individualised treatment of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients: an update on technical innovations in the prehospital chain of survival. Netherlands Heart Journal: Monthly Journal of the Netherlands Society of Cardiology and the Netherlands Heart Foundation. 2022 [citado 11 de agosto 2023]; 30(7-8):345–9. Disponível em: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34373998/>.
Vaillancourt C, Everson-Stewart S, Christenson J, Andrusiek D, Powell J, Nichol G, et al. The impact of increased chest compression fraction on return of spontaneous circulation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients not in ventricular fibrillation. Resuscitation. 2011 [citado 23 junho 2019]; 82(12):1501–7. Disponivel em: <https://www.resuscitationjournal.com/article/S0300-9572(11)00427-8/abstract>.
Vanheusden LMS, Santoro DC, Szilman D, Batista CO, Correia LFB, Cruz Filho FES. Conceito fase-dependente na ressuscitação cardiopulmonar. Rev SOCERJ [Internet]. 2007 [citado 11 agosto 2023]; 20(1):60-64. Disponível em: <https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/lil-461826>.
Vieira SRR, Timerman A, Cesar LAM, Timerman S, Reis AGA da C, Barretto ACP, et al. Consenso nacional de ressuscitação cardiorespiratória. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia. 1996 [citado 11 de agosto 2023]; 66(6):375-402. Disponivel em: <https://lume.ufrgs.br/handle/10183/232102>.
Xu J, Dong X, Yin H, Guan Z, Li Z, Qu F, Chen T, Wang C, Fang Q, Zhang L. Improve Cardiac Emergency Preparedness by Building a Team-Based Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Educational Plan. Front Public Health. 2022 [citado 20 de agosto 2023] 7;10:895367. Disponível em: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35874986/>.
Yu Y, Meng Q, Munot S, Nguyen TN, Redfern J, Chow CK. Assessment of Community Interventions for Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. JAMA Network Open. 2020 [citado 23 de junho 2022]; 3(7):e209256. Disponível em: < https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7330721/>.
Zhan L, Yang LJ, Huang Y, He Q, Liu GJ. Continuous chest compression versus interrupted chest compression for cardiopulmonary resuscitation of non-asphyxial out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2017 [citado 15 agosto 2023]; 3(3):CD010134. Disponível em: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28349529/>.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Espaço para a Saúde
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors grant the journal the copyright, with the work simultaneously licensed with Creative Commons CC BY, which allows the sharing of work with recognition of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are authorized to assume additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (e.g., to publish in an institutional repository or as a book chapter), with authorship recognition and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their personal page) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this can generate productive changes, as well as increase the impact and the citation of the published work (See The Effect of Free Access).
